Smartphone
A Smartphone :
A smartphone (or smart phone) is a mobile phone with an advanced operating system.
Smartphones typically include the features of a phone with those of
other popular mobile devices, such as personal digital assistant, media
player and GPS navigation unit. Most have a touchscreen interface and
can run 3rd-party apps, and are camera phones. Later smartphones add
broadband internet web browsing, Wi-Fi, motion sensors and mobile
payment mechanisms.
iPhone & Android
In 2007, Apple Inc. introduced the iPhone, one of the first mobile phones to use a multi-touch interface. The iPhone was notable for its use of a large touchscreen for direct finger input as its main means of interaction, instead of a stylus, keyboard, or keypad typical for smartphones at the time. 2008 saw the release of the first phone to use Android called the HTC Dream (also known as the T-Mobile G1). Android is an open-source platform founded by Andy Rubin and now owned by Google. Although Android's adoption was relatively slow at first, it started to gain widespread popularity in 2010, and now dominates the market.These new platforms led to the decline of earlier ones. When Microsoft, for instance, started a new OS from scratch, in the form of Windows Phone, Nokia abandoned Symbian and partnered with MS to use Windows Phone on its smartphones. Windows Phone then became the third-most-popular OS. Palm was bought by Hewlett-Packard, turned into webOS which became Open webOS and later sold to LG Electronics. Research in Motion also made a new system from scratch, BlackBerry 10.
The capacitive touchscreen also had a knock-on effect on smartphone form factors. Before 2007 it was common for devices to have a physical numeric keypad or physical QWERTY keyboard in either a candybar or sliding form factor. However, by 2010, there were no top-tier smartphones with physical numeric keypads.
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